This research gives a thorough examination of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection model that includes quiescentcells and immune response dynamics in the host. The model, represented by a system of ordinary differential equations, capturesthe complex interaction between the host’s immune response and viral infection. The study focuses on the model’s fundamentalaspects, such as equilibrium analysis, computing the basic reproduction number 0 , stability analysis, bifurcation phenomena,numerical simulations, and sensitivity analysis. The analysis reveals both an infection equilibrium, which indicates the persis-tence of the illness, and an infection-free equilibrium, which represents disease control possibilities. Applying matrix-theoreticalapproaches, stability analysis proved that the infection-free equilibrium is both locally and globally stable for 0 < 1. For the sit-uation of 0 > 1, the infection equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable via the Routh-Hurwitz criterion. We also studied theuniform persistence of the infection, demonstrating that the infection remains present above a positive threshold under certainconditions. The study also found a transcritical forward-type bifurcation at 0 = 1, indicating a critical threshold that affects thesystem’s behavior. The model’s temporal dynamics are studied using numerical simulations, and sensitivity analysis identifies themost significant variables by assessing the effects of parameter changes on system behavior.