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Development of Hybrid Automotive Simulation Environment for CAN Network Threat Model Analysis

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Modern automotive systems increasingly integrate more complex networks, electronic control units, and connectivity features, creating new attack surfaces for cybersecurity threats. This paper presents a novel hybrid Cyber Range platform designed specifically for automotive cybersecurity research and education, with primary focus on Controller Area Network protocol security analysis. The system combines physical Electronic Control Units with simulated vehicle networks to create realistic testing scenarios for CAN protocol vulnerabilities and threat model validation. The platform incorporates a Vehicle Security Operations Center providing real-time security monitoring and threat visualization capabilities specifically tailored for CAN network analysis. Key features include scripted CAN-based attack scenarios, synthetic CAN traffic generation, and comprehensive monitoring of CAN bus communications. The hybrid approach addresses limitations of purely simulated environments while avoiding the safety risks and costs associated with real vehicle testing. This research contributes to the automotive industry’s growing need for specialized CAN network security testing infrastructure, providing a foundation for developing robust defense strategies against CAN-specific cyber threats.